diff --git a/MtVerify.h b/MtVerify.h
index 899e7d2eefe05274cba3dd9229da9ca01cd22526..58921aa850ab0bc9a8aa0621ea45f0bdb63d09b5 100644
--- a/MtVerify.h
+++ b/MtVerify.h
@@ -1,263 +1,272 @@
-#pragma comment(lib, "USER32" )
-#include <crtdbg.h>
-#include <tchar.h>
-#pragma comment(lib, "version.lib")
-#define MTVERIFY(a) (a)
-#if 0
-#define SHOWERROR(a) PrintError(a,__FILE__,__LINE__,GetLastError())
-
-#ifdef DEBUG
-#define MTASSERT(a) _ASSERTE(a)
-#define MTVERIFY(a) if (!(a)) PrintError(#a,__FILE__,__LINE__,GetLastError())
-#else /*DEBUG*/
-#define MTASSERT(a)
-#define MTVERIFY(a) (a)
-#endif /*DEBUG*/
-
-__inline void PrintError(LPCTSTR linedesc, LPCTSTR filename, int lineno, DWORD errnum)
-{
-	LPTSTR lpBuffer;
-	TCHAR errbuf[256];
-
-#ifdef _WINDOWS_
-	TCHAR modulename[MAX_PATH];
-#else //_WINDOWS_
-	DWORD numread;
-#endif //_WINDOWS_
-
-	FormatMessage(
-		FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
-		NULL,
-		errnum,
-		LANG_NEUTRAL,
-		(LPTSTR)&lpBuffer,
-		0,
-		NULL
-		);
-	_stprintf(errbuf, _T("\nThe following call failed at line %d in %s:\n\n %s\n\nReason: %s\n"), 
-		lineno, filename, linedesc, lpBuffer);
-
-#ifndef _WINDOWS_
-	WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE), errbuf, lstrlen(errbuf), &numread, FALSE );
-	Sleep(3000);
-#else //_WINDOWS_
-	GetModuleFileName(NULL, modulename, MAX_PATH);
-	MessageBox(NULL, errbuf, modulename, MB_ICONWARNING|MB_OK|MB_TASKMODAL|MB_SETFOREGROUND);
-	OutputDebugString(errbuf);
-#endif //_WINDOWS_
-
-	LocalFree(lpBuffer);
-	//exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
-}
-#endif
-
-
-
-__inline void WaitTillThreadActive(HANDLE &handle)
-{
-	if(handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-	{
-		BOOL rc = FALSE;
-		DWORD ec = 0;
-		for(;;)
-		{
-			rc = GetExitCodeThread(handle, &ec);
-			if(rc && (ec == STILL_ACTIVE))
-				break;
-			Sleep(500);
-		}
-	}
-}
-// obsolete
-/*
-__inline void WaitTillThreadExited(HANDLE &handle, DWORD dwMilliseconds = 3000)
-{
-	if(handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-	{
-		BOOL rc = FALSE;
-		DWORD ec = 0;
-		DWORD dwStart = GetTickCount();
-		for(;;)
-		{
-			if(GetTickCount() - dwStart >= dwMilliseconds)
-			{
-				::TerminateThread(handle, 0xffffffff);
-				CloseHandle(handle);
-				handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-				break;
-			}
-			if(handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-				break;
-			rc = GetExitCodeThread(handle, &ec);
-			if(rc && (ec != STILL_ACTIVE))
-			{
-				CloseHandle(handle);
-				handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-				break;
-			}
-			Sleep(500);
-		}
-	}
-}
-*/
-
-__forceinline void WaitTillThreadExited(HANDLE &handle, DWORD dwMilliseconds = 5000)
-{
-	if(handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-		return;
-	DWORD ret = ::WaitForSingleObject(handle, dwMilliseconds);
-	if(ret != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
-	{	//::TerminateThread(handle, 0xffffffff);
-	}
-	CloseHandle(handle);
-	handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-}
-
-__inline LPTSTR GetModuleFilePath()
-{
-	static TCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH] = {'\0'};
-	if(lstrlen(szPath) != 0)
-		return szPath;
-	
-	TCHAR szExe[MAX_PATH];
-	GetModuleFileName(GetModuleHandle(NULL), szExe, MAX_PATH);
-	int len = lstrlen(szExe);
-	for(int i = len; i > 0; i--)
-	{
-		if(szExe[i] == '\\')
-		{
-			szExe[i] = '\0';
-			lstrcpy(szPath, szExe);
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	return szPath;
-}
-
-/////////*********************自定义宏********************////////////////////////
-//安全删除普通堆内存
-#define SAFEDELETEP(p) {if(p){delete (p); (p)=NULL;}}
-
-#define SAFEDELETEARR(pArr) {if((pArr)){delete[] (pArr); (pArr)=NULL;}}
-
-//安全删除对话框类堆内存
-#define SAFEDELETEDLG(pDlg) {\
-	if ((pDlg)) {\
-		if (::IsWindow(pDlg->m_hWnd)) {\
-			(pDlg)->DestroyWindow();\
-		}\
-		delete (pDlg);\
-		(pDlg)=NULL;\
-	}\
-}
-
-//关闭核心对象句柄
-#define CLOSEHANDLE(h){\
-	if (h != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && h != NULL) {\
-		::CloseHandle(h);\
-		h = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;\
-	}\
-}
-
-#define CLOSESOCKET(s){\
-	if(s != INVALID_SOCKET){\
-		::closesocket(s); \
-		s = INVALID_SOCKET;\
-	}\
-}
-
-#ifdef _DEBUG
-#define VERIFYPTR(p, cb) {MTVERIFY(!IsBadWritePtr(p, cb));}
-#else
-#define VERIFYPTR(p, cb)
-#endif
-
-
-/**************UNICODE-ANSI mutually transform**************************/
-// need be manuly delete
-__forceinline LPSTR Utf16ToAnsi(const wchar_t * const wSrc)
-{
-	char* pElementText;
-	int iTextLen;
-	iTextLen = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP,	0, wSrc, -1, NULL,0, NULL, NULL );
-	pElementText = new char[iTextLen + 1];
-	memset( ( void* )pElementText, 0, sizeof( char ) * ( iTextLen + 1 ) );
-	::WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP,0,wSrc,-1,pElementText,iTextLen,NULL,NULL);
-
-	return pElementText;
-}
-
-__forceinline BOOL Utf16ToAnsiUseCharArray(const wchar_t * const wSrc, 
-										   char *ansiArr, WORD ansiArrLen)
-{
-	int iTextLen = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP,	0, wSrc, -1, NULL,0, NULL, NULL );
-	if(iTextLen < ansiArrLen){
-		memset( ( void* )ansiArr, 0, sizeof( char ) * ( iTextLen + 1 ) );
-		::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,wSrc,-1,ansiArr,iTextLen,NULL,NULL);
-		return TRUE;
-	}
-	return FALSE;
-}
-
-__forceinline wchar_t* AnsiToUtf16(PCSTR ansiSrc)
-{
-	wchar_t *pWide;
-	int  iUnicodeLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP,
-        0, ansiSrc, -1, NULL, 0);
-	pWide = new  wchar_t[iUnicodeLen + 1]; 
-	memset(pWide, 0, (iUnicodeLen+1) * sizeof(wchar_t) );
-	::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, ansiSrc, -1, (LPWSTR)pWide, iUnicodeLen );  
-	return pWide;
-}
-
-__forceinline BOOL AnsiToUtf16Array(PCSTR ansiSrc, wchar_t* warr, int warr_len)
-{
-	int  iUnicodeLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP,
-        0, ansiSrc, -1, NULL, 0);
-	if(warr_len >= iUnicodeLen){
-		memset(warr, 0, (iUnicodeLen+1) * sizeof(wchar_t) );
-		::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, ansiSrc, -1, (LPWSTR)warr, iUnicodeLen );
-		return TRUE;
-	}
-	return FALSE;
-}
-
-__forceinline wchar_t* Utf8ToUtf16(PCSTR ansiSrc)
-{
-	wchar_t *pWide;
-	int  iUnicodeLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_UTF8,
-		0, ansiSrc, -1, NULL, 0);
-	pWide = new  wchar_t[iUnicodeLen + 1]; 
-	memset(pWide, 0, (iUnicodeLen+1) * sizeof(wchar_t) );
-	::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_UTF8, 0, ansiSrc, -1, (LPWSTR)pWide, iUnicodeLen );  
-	return pWide;
-}
-
-/*
-__forceinline CString GetFileVersion()
-{   
-	int iVerInfoSize;
-	char *pBuf;
-	CString asVer= _T("");
-	VS_FIXEDFILEINFO *pVsInfo;
-	unsigned int iFileInfoSize = sizeof(VS_FIXEDFILEINFO);
-	TCHAR fileName[MAX_PATH];
-	GetModuleFileName(NULL, fileName, MAX_PATH);
-	iVerInfoSize = GetFileVersionInfoSize(fileName, NULL); 
-    
-	if(iVerInfoSize != 0){   
-		pBuf = new char[iVerInfoSize];
-		if(GetFileVersionInfo(fileName, 0, iVerInfoSize, pBuf)){   
-			if(VerQueryValue(pBuf, _T("//"), (void**)&pVsInfo, &iFileInfoSize)){   
-				asVer.Format(_T("%d.%d.%d.%d"),
-					HIWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionMS),
-					LOWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionMS),
-					HIWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionLS),
-					LOWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionLS));
-			}   
-		}   
-		delete pBuf;   
-	}   
-	return asVer;   
-}  
+#pragma comment(lib, "USER32" )
+#include <crtdbg.h>
+#include <tchar.h>
+#pragma comment(lib, "version.lib")
+#define MTVERIFY(a) (a)
+#if 0
+#define SHOWERROR(a) PrintError(a,__FILE__,__LINE__,GetLastError())
+
+#ifdef DEBUG
+#define MTASSERT(a) _ASSERTE(a)
+#define MTVERIFY(a) if (!(a)) PrintError(#a,__FILE__,__LINE__,GetLastError())
+#else /*DEBUG*/
+#define MTASSERT(a)
+#define MTVERIFY(a) (a)
+#endif /*DEBUG*/
+
+__inline void PrintError(LPCTSTR linedesc, LPCTSTR filename, int lineno, DWORD errnum)
+{
+	LPTSTR lpBuffer;
+	TCHAR errbuf[256];
+
+#ifdef _WINDOWS_
+	TCHAR modulename[MAX_PATH];
+#else //_WINDOWS_
+	DWORD numread;
+#endif //_WINDOWS_
+
+	FormatMessage(
+		FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
+		NULL,
+		errnum,
+		LANG_NEUTRAL,
+		(LPTSTR)&lpBuffer,
+		0,
+		NULL
+		);
+	_stprintf(errbuf, _T("\nThe following call failed at line %d in %s:\n\n %s\n\nReason: %s\n"), 
+		lineno, filename, linedesc, lpBuffer);
+
+#ifndef _WINDOWS_
+	WriteFile(GetStdHandle(STD_ERROR_HANDLE), errbuf, lstrlen(errbuf), &numread, FALSE );
+	Sleep(3000);
+#else //_WINDOWS_
+	GetModuleFileName(NULL, modulename, MAX_PATH);
+	MessageBox(NULL, errbuf, modulename, MB_ICONWARNING|MB_OK|MB_TASKMODAL|MB_SETFOREGROUND);
+	OutputDebugString(errbuf);
+#endif //_WINDOWS_
+
+	LocalFree(lpBuffer);
+	//exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+#endif
+
+
+
+__inline void WaitTillThreadActive(HANDLE &handle)
+{
+	if(handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+	{
+		BOOL rc = FALSE;
+		DWORD ec = 0;
+		for(;;)
+		{
+			rc = GetExitCodeThread(handle, &ec);
+			if(rc && (ec == STILL_ACTIVE))
+				break;
+			Sleep(500);
+		}
+	}
+}
+// obsolete
+/*
+__inline void WaitTillThreadExited(HANDLE &handle, DWORD dwMilliseconds = 3000)
+{
+	if(handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+	{
+		BOOL rc = FALSE;
+		DWORD ec = 0;
+		DWORD dwStart = GetTickCount();
+		for(;;)
+		{
+			if(GetTickCount() - dwStart >= dwMilliseconds)
+			{
+				::TerminateThread(handle, 0xffffffff);
+				CloseHandle(handle);
+				handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+				break;
+			}
+			if(handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+				break;
+			rc = GetExitCodeThread(handle, &ec);
+			if(rc && (ec != STILL_ACTIVE))
+			{
+				CloseHandle(handle);
+				handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+				break;
+			}
+			Sleep(500);
+		}
+	}
+}
+*/
+
+__forceinline void WaitTillThreadExited(HANDLE &handle, DWORD dwMilliseconds = 5000)
+{
+	if(handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		return;
+	DWORD ret = ::WaitForSingleObject(handle, dwMilliseconds);
+	if(ret != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
+	{	//::TerminateThread(handle, 0xffffffff);
+	}
+	CloseHandle(handle);
+	handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+}
+
+__inline LPTSTR GetModuleFilePath()
+{
+	static TCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH] = {'\0'};
+	if(lstrlen(szPath) != 0)
+		return szPath;
+	
+	TCHAR szExe[MAX_PATH];
+	GetModuleFileName(GetModuleHandle(NULL), szExe, MAX_PATH);
+	int len = lstrlen(szExe);
+	for(int i = len; i > 0; i--)
+	{
+		if(szExe[i] == '\\')
+		{
+			szExe[i] = '\0';
+			lstrcpy(szPath, szExe);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	return szPath;
+}
+
+/////////*********************自定义宏********************////////////////////////
+//安全删除普通堆内存
+#define SAFEDELETEP(p) {if(p){delete (p); (p)=NULL;}}
+
+#define SAFEDELETEARR(pArr) {if((pArr)){delete[] (pArr); (pArr)=NULL;}}
+
+//安全删除对话框类堆内存
+#define SAFEDELETEDLG(pDlg) {\
+	if ((pDlg)) {\
+		if (::IsWindow(pDlg->m_hWnd)) {\
+			(pDlg)->DestroyWindow();\
+		}\
+		delete (pDlg);\
+		(pDlg)=NULL;\
+	}\
+}
+
+//关闭核心对象句柄
+#define CLOSEHANDLE(h){\
+	if (h != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE && h != NULL) {\
+		::CloseHandle(h);\
+		h = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;\
+	}\
+}
+
+#define CLOSESOCKET(s){\
+	if(s != INVALID_SOCKET){\
+		::closesocket(s); \
+		s = INVALID_SOCKET;\
+	}\
+}
+
+#ifdef _DEBUG
+#define VERIFYPTR(p, cb) {MTVERIFY(!IsBadWritePtr(p, cb));}
+#else
+#define VERIFYPTR(p, cb)
+#endif
+
+
+/**************UNICODE-ANSI mutually transform**************************/
+// need be manuly delete
+__forceinline LPSTR Utf16ToAnsi(const wchar_t * const wSrc)
+{
+	char* pElementText;
+	int iTextLen;
+	iTextLen = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP,	0, wSrc, -1, NULL,0, NULL, NULL );
+	pElementText = new char[iTextLen + 1];
+	memset( ( void* )pElementText, 0, sizeof( char ) * ( iTextLen + 1 ) );
+	::WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP,0,wSrc,-1,pElementText,iTextLen,NULL,NULL);
+
+	return pElementText;
+}
+
+__forceinline BOOL Utf16ToAnsiUseCharArray(const wchar_t * const wSrc, 
+										   char *ansiArr, WORD ansiArrLen)
+{
+	int iTextLen = WideCharToMultiByte( CP_ACP,	0, wSrc, -1, NULL,0, NULL, NULL );
+	if(iTextLen < ansiArrLen){
+		memset( ( void* )ansiArr, 0, sizeof( char ) * ( iTextLen + 1 ) );
+		::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_ACP,0,wSrc,-1,ansiArr,iTextLen,NULL,NULL);
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+	return FALSE;
+}
+
+__forceinline wchar_t* AnsiToUtf16(PCSTR ansiSrc)
+{
+	wchar_t *pWide;
+	int  iUnicodeLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP,
+        0, ansiSrc, -1, NULL, 0);
+	pWide = new  wchar_t[iUnicodeLen + 1]; 
+	memset(pWide, 0, (iUnicodeLen+1) * sizeof(wchar_t) );
+	::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, ansiSrc, -1, (LPWSTR)pWide, iUnicodeLen );  
+	return pWide;
+}
+
+__forceinline BOOL AnsiToUtf16Array(PCSTR ansiSrc, wchar_t* warr, int warr_len)
+{
+	int  iUnicodeLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP,
+        0, ansiSrc, -1, NULL, 0);
+	if(warr_len >= iUnicodeLen){
+		memset(warr, 0, (iUnicodeLen+1) * sizeof(wchar_t) );
+		::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, ansiSrc, -1, (LPWSTR)warr, iUnicodeLen );
+		return TRUE;
+	}
+	return FALSE;
+}
+
+__forceinline wchar_t* Utf8ToUtf16(PCSTR ansiSrc)
+{
+	wchar_t *pWide;
+	int  iUnicodeLen = ::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_UTF8,
+		0, ansiSrc, -1, NULL, 0);
+	pWide = new  wchar_t[iUnicodeLen + 1]; 
+	memset(pWide, 0, (iUnicodeLen+1) * sizeof(wchar_t) );
+	::MultiByteToWideChar( CP_UTF8, 0, ansiSrc, -1, (LPWSTR)pWide, iUnicodeLen );  
+	return pWide;
+}
+
+__inline const char* Utf16ToUtf8(const wchar_t* utf16, int& out_len)
+{
+	out_len = ::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, utf16, -1, NULL, 0, 0, 0);
+	char *p8 = new  char[out_len + 1];
+	memset(p8, 0, (out_len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
+	::WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, utf16, -1, p8, out_len, 0, 0);
+	return p8;
+}
+
+/*
+__forceinline CString GetFileVersion()
+{   
+	int iVerInfoSize;
+	char *pBuf;
+	CString asVer= _T("");
+	VS_FIXEDFILEINFO *pVsInfo;
+	unsigned int iFileInfoSize = sizeof(VS_FIXEDFILEINFO);
+	TCHAR fileName[MAX_PATH];
+	GetModuleFileName(NULL, fileName, MAX_PATH);
+	iVerInfoSize = GetFileVersionInfoSize(fileName, NULL); 
+    
+	if(iVerInfoSize != 0){   
+		pBuf = new char[iVerInfoSize];
+		if(GetFileVersionInfo(fileName, 0, iVerInfoSize, pBuf)){   
+			if(VerQueryValue(pBuf, _T("//"), (void**)&pVsInfo, &iFileInfoSize)){   
+				asVer.Format(_T("%d.%d.%d.%d"),
+					HIWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionMS),
+					LOWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionMS),
+					HIWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionLS),
+					LOWORD(pVsInfo->dwFileVersionLS));
+			}   
+		}   
+		delete pBuf;   
+	}   
+	return asVer;   
+}  
 */
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/global.h b/global.h
index 70cfe9b270154e485062914fac06e99e78e1caf0..10c73aaedcea6e307a64c8a675308604a7f172b4 100644
--- a/global.h
+++ b/global.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #pragma once
 
 
-
+#include "C:/Global/utf8.h"
 #include "C:/Global/LocalLock.h"
 #include "C:/Global/mtverify.h"
 #include "C:/Global/FileOper.h"
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ public:
 #define AUTO_LOG_FUNCTION LOG_FUNCTION(__FUNCTION__)
 
 #include "C:/Global/MyWSAError.h"
-#include "c:/Global/observer_macro.h"
+#include "C:/Global/observer_macro.h"
 
 #define NAMESPACE_END };
 
@@ -32,14 +32,6 @@ private:\
 	classname(const classname&) {}\
 	classname& operator=(const classname&) {}
 
-// singleton
-//class CSingletonClassReleaseHelper {
-//public:
-//	CSingletonClassReleaseHelper() {}
-//	~CSingletonClassReleaseHelper() {}
-//private:
-//
-//};
 
 #define DECLARE_SINGLETON(class_name) \
 private: \
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4e4451403f687e0107e3b950cd2973d8c7c182ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+// Copyright 2006 Nemanja Trifunovic
+
+/*
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef UTF8_FOR_CPP_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+#define UTF8_FOR_CPP_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+
+#include "utf8/checked.h"
+#include "utf8/unchecked.h"
+
+#endif // header guard
diff --git a/utf8/checked.h b/utf8/checked.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1331155138141bf777cdb9a1e327761358b1921e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utf8/checked.h
@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+// Copyright 2006 Nemanja Trifunovic
+
+/*
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef UTF8_FOR_CPP_CHECKED_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+#define UTF8_FOR_CPP_CHECKED_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+
+#include "core.h"
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+namespace utf8
+{
+    // Base for the exceptions that may be thrown from the library
+    class exception : public ::std::exception {
+    };
+
+    // Exceptions that may be thrown from the library functions.
+    class invalid_code_point : public exception {
+        uint32_t cp;
+    public:
+        invalid_code_point(uint32_t cp) : cp(cp) {}
+        virtual const char* what() const throw() { return "Invalid code point"; }
+        uint32_t code_point() const {return cp;}
+    };
+
+    class invalid_utf8 : public exception {
+        uint8_t u8;
+    public:
+        invalid_utf8 (uint8_t u) : u8(u) {}
+        virtual const char* what() const throw() { return "Invalid UTF-8"; }
+        uint8_t utf8_octet() const {return u8;}
+    };
+
+    class invalid_utf16 : public exception {
+        uint16_t u16;
+    public:
+        invalid_utf16 (uint16_t u) : u16(u) {}
+        virtual const char* what() const throw() { return "Invalid UTF-16"; }
+        uint16_t utf16_word() const {return u16;}
+    };
+
+    class not_enough_room : public exception {
+    public:
+        virtual const char* what() const throw() { return "Not enough space"; }
+    };
+
+    /// The library API - functions intended to be called by the users
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    octet_iterator append(uint32_t cp, octet_iterator result)
+    {
+        if (!utf8::internal::is_code_point_valid(cp))
+            throw invalid_code_point(cp);
+
+        if (cp < 0x80)                        // one octet
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(cp);
+        else if (cp < 0x800) {                // two octets
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp >> 6)            | 0xc0);
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp & 0x3f)          | 0x80);
+        }
+        else if (cp < 0x10000) {              // three octets
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp >> 12)           | 0xe0);
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(((cp >> 6) & 0x3f)   | 0x80);
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp & 0x3f)          | 0x80);
+        }
+        else {                                // four octets
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp >> 18)           | 0xf0);
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(((cp >> 12) & 0x3f)  | 0x80);
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(((cp >> 6) & 0x3f)   | 0x80);
+            *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp & 0x3f)          | 0x80);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator, typename output_iterator>
+    output_iterator replace_invalid(octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end, output_iterator out, uint32_t replacement)
+    {
+        while (start != end) {
+            octet_iterator sequence_start = start;
+            internal::utf_error err_code = utf8::internal::validate_next(start, end);
+            switch (err_code) {
+                case internal::UTF8_OK :
+                    for (octet_iterator it = sequence_start; it != start; ++it)
+                        *out++ = *it;
+                    break;
+                case internal::NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM:
+                    throw not_enough_room();
+                case internal::INVALID_LEAD:
+                    out = utf8::append (replacement, out);
+                    ++start;
+                    break;
+                case internal::INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE:
+                case internal::OVERLONG_SEQUENCE:
+                case internal::INVALID_CODE_POINT:
+                    out = utf8::append (replacement, out);
+                    ++start;
+                    // just one replacement mark for the sequence
+                    while (start != end && utf8::internal::is_trail(*start))
+                        ++start;
+                    break;
+            }
+        }
+        return out;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator, typename output_iterator>
+    inline output_iterator replace_invalid(octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end, output_iterator out)
+    {
+        static const uint32_t replacement_marker = utf8::internal::mask16(0xfffd);
+        return utf8::replace_invalid(start, end, out, replacement_marker);
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    uint32_t next(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        uint32_t cp = 0;
+        internal::utf_error err_code = utf8::internal::validate_next(it, end, cp);
+        switch (err_code) {
+            case internal::UTF8_OK :
+                break;
+            case internal::NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM :
+                throw not_enough_room();
+            case internal::INVALID_LEAD :
+            case internal::INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE :
+            case internal::OVERLONG_SEQUENCE :
+                throw invalid_utf8(*it);
+            case internal::INVALID_CODE_POINT :
+                throw invalid_code_point(cp);
+        }
+        return cp;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    uint32_t peek_next(octet_iterator it, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        return utf8::next(it, end);
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    uint32_t prior(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator start)
+    {
+        // can't do much if it == start
+        if (it == start)
+            throw not_enough_room();
+
+        octet_iterator end = it;
+        // Go back until we hit either a lead octet or start
+        while (utf8::internal::is_trail(*(--it)))
+            if (it == start)
+                throw invalid_utf8(*it); // error - no lead byte in the sequence
+        return utf8::peek_next(it, end);
+    }
+
+    /// Deprecated in versions that include "prior"
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    uint32_t previous(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator pass_start)
+    {
+        octet_iterator end = it;
+        while (utf8::internal::is_trail(*(--it)))
+            if (it == pass_start)
+                throw invalid_utf8(*it); // error - no lead byte in the sequence
+        octet_iterator temp = it;
+        return utf8::next(temp, end);
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator, typename distance_type>
+    void advance (octet_iterator& it, distance_type n, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        for (distance_type i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+            utf8::next(it, end);
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type
+    distance (octet_iterator first, octet_iterator last)
+    {
+        typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type dist;
+        for (dist = 0; first < last; ++dist)
+            utf8::next(first, last);
+        return dist;
+    }
+
+    template <typename u16bit_iterator, typename octet_iterator>
+    octet_iterator utf16to8 (u16bit_iterator start, u16bit_iterator end, octet_iterator result)
+    {
+        while (start != end) {
+            uint32_t cp = utf8::internal::mask16(*start++);
+            // Take care of surrogate pairs first
+            if (utf8::internal::is_lead_surrogate(cp)) {
+                if (start != end) {
+                    uint32_t trail_surrogate = utf8::internal::mask16(*start++);
+                    if (utf8::internal::is_trail_surrogate(trail_surrogate))
+                        cp = (cp << 10) + trail_surrogate + internal::SURROGATE_OFFSET;
+                    else
+                        throw invalid_utf16(static_cast<uint16_t>(trail_surrogate));
+                }
+                else
+                    throw invalid_utf16(static_cast<uint16_t>(cp));
+
+            }
+            // Lone trail surrogate
+            else if (utf8::internal::is_trail_surrogate(cp))
+                throw invalid_utf16(static_cast<uint16_t>(cp));
+
+            result = utf8::append(cp, result);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    template <typename u16bit_iterator, typename octet_iterator>
+    u16bit_iterator utf8to16 (octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end, u16bit_iterator result)
+    {
+        while (start != end) {
+            uint32_t cp = utf8::next(start, end);
+            if (cp > 0xffff) { //make a surrogate pair
+                *result++ = static_cast<uint16_t>((cp >> 10)   + internal::LEAD_OFFSET);
+                *result++ = static_cast<uint16_t>((cp & 0x3ff) + internal::TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN);
+            }
+            else
+                *result++ = static_cast<uint16_t>(cp);
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator, typename u32bit_iterator>
+    octet_iterator utf32to8 (u32bit_iterator start, u32bit_iterator end, octet_iterator result)
+    {
+        while (start != end)
+            result = utf8::append(*(start++), result);
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator, typename u32bit_iterator>
+    u32bit_iterator utf8to32 (octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end, u32bit_iterator result)
+    {
+        while (start != end)
+            (*result++) = utf8::next(start, end);
+
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    // The iterator class
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    class iterator : public std::iterator <std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, uint32_t> {
+      octet_iterator it;
+      octet_iterator range_start;
+      octet_iterator range_end;
+      public:
+      iterator () {}
+      explicit iterator (const octet_iterator& octet_it,
+                         const octet_iterator& range_start,
+                         const octet_iterator& range_end) :
+               it(octet_it), range_start(range_start), range_end(range_end)
+      {
+          if (it < range_start || it > range_end)
+              throw std::out_of_range("Invalid utf-8 iterator position");
+      }
+      // the default "big three" are OK
+      octet_iterator base () const { return it; }
+      uint32_t operator * () const
+      {
+          octet_iterator temp = it;
+          return utf8::next(temp, range_end);
+      }
+      bool operator == (const iterator& rhs) const
+      {
+          if (range_start != rhs.range_start || range_end != rhs.range_end)
+              throw std::logic_error("Comparing utf-8 iterators defined with different ranges");
+          return (it == rhs.it);
+      }
+      bool operator != (const iterator& rhs) const
+      {
+          return !(operator == (rhs));
+      }
+      iterator& operator ++ ()
+      {
+          utf8::next(it, range_end);
+          return *this;
+      }
+      iterator operator ++ (int)
+      {
+          iterator temp = *this;
+          utf8::next(it, range_end);
+          return temp;
+      }
+      iterator& operator -- ()
+      {
+          utf8::prior(it, range_start);
+          return *this;
+      }
+      iterator operator -- (int)
+      {
+          iterator temp = *this;
+          utf8::prior(it, range_start);
+          return temp;
+      }
+    }; // class iterator
+
+} // namespace utf8
+
+#endif //header guard
+
+
diff --git a/utf8/core.h b/utf8/core.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..693d388c078de9870d2f19be75d4e7483c393e77
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utf8/core.h
@@ -0,0 +1,329 @@
+// Copyright 2006 Nemanja Trifunovic
+
+/*
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef UTF8_FOR_CPP_CORE_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+#define UTF8_FOR_CPP_CORE_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+
+#include <iterator>
+
+namespace utf8
+{
+    // The typedefs for 8-bit, 16-bit and 32-bit unsigned integers
+    // You may need to change them to match your system.
+    // These typedefs have the same names as ones from cstdint, or boost/cstdint
+    typedef unsigned char   uint8_t;
+    typedef unsigned short  uint16_t;
+    typedef unsigned int    uint32_t;
+
+// Helper code - not intended to be directly called by the library users. May be changed at any time
+namespace internal
+{
+    // Unicode constants
+    // Leading (high) surrogates: 0xd800 - 0xdbff
+    // Trailing (low) surrogates: 0xdc00 - 0xdfff
+    const uint16_t LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN  = 0xd800u;
+    const uint16_t LEAD_SURROGATE_MAX  = 0xdbffu;
+    const uint16_t TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN = 0xdc00u;
+    const uint16_t TRAIL_SURROGATE_MAX = 0xdfffu;
+    const uint16_t LEAD_OFFSET         = LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN - (0x10000 >> 10);
+    const uint32_t SURROGATE_OFFSET    = 0x10000u - (LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN << 10) - TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN;
+
+    // Maximum valid value for a Unicode code point
+    const uint32_t CODE_POINT_MAX      = 0x0010ffffu;
+
+    template<typename octet_type>
+    inline uint8_t mask8(octet_type oc)
+    {
+        return static_cast<uint8_t>(0xff & oc);
+    }
+    template<typename u16_type>
+    inline uint16_t mask16(u16_type oc)
+    {
+        return static_cast<uint16_t>(0xffff & oc);
+    }
+    template<typename octet_type>
+    inline bool is_trail(octet_type oc)
+    {
+        return ((utf8::internal::mask8(oc) >> 6) == 0x2);
+    }
+
+    template <typename u16>
+    inline bool is_lead_surrogate(u16 cp)
+    {
+        return (cp >= LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN && cp <= LEAD_SURROGATE_MAX);
+    }
+
+    template <typename u16>
+    inline bool is_trail_surrogate(u16 cp)
+    {
+        return (cp >= TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN && cp <= TRAIL_SURROGATE_MAX);
+    }
+
+    template <typename u16>
+    inline bool is_surrogate(u16 cp)
+    {
+        return (cp >= LEAD_SURROGATE_MIN && cp <= TRAIL_SURROGATE_MAX);
+    }
+
+    template <typename u32>
+    inline bool is_code_point_valid(u32 cp)
+    {
+        return (cp <= CODE_POINT_MAX && !utf8::internal::is_surrogate(cp));
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    inline typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type
+    sequence_length(octet_iterator lead_it)
+    {
+        uint8_t lead = utf8::internal::mask8(*lead_it);
+        if (lead < 0x80)
+            return 1;
+        else if ((lead >> 5) == 0x6)
+            return 2;
+        else if ((lead >> 4) == 0xe)
+            return 3;
+        else if ((lead >> 3) == 0x1e)
+            return 4;
+        else
+            return 0;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_difference_type>
+    inline bool is_overlong_sequence(uint32_t cp, octet_difference_type length)
+    {
+        if (cp < 0x80) {
+            if (length != 1) 
+                return true;
+        }
+        else if (cp < 0x800) {
+            if (length != 2) 
+                return true;
+        }
+        else if (cp < 0x10000) {
+            if (length != 3) 
+                return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    enum utf_error {UTF8_OK, NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM, INVALID_LEAD, INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE, OVERLONG_SEQUENCE, INVALID_CODE_POINT};
+
+    /// Helper for get_sequence_x
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    utf_error increase_safely(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        if (++it == end)
+            return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+        if (!utf8::internal::is_trail(*it))
+            return INCOMPLETE_SEQUENCE;
+        
+        return UTF8_OK;
+    }
+
+    #define UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(IT, END) {utf_error ret = increase_safely(IT, END); if (ret != UTF8_OK) return ret;}    
+
+    /// get_sequence_x functions decode utf-8 sequences of the length x
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    utf_error get_sequence_1(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, uint32_t& code_point)
+    {
+        if (it == end)
+            return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+        code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+        return UTF8_OK;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    utf_error get_sequence_2(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, uint32_t& code_point)
+    {
+        if (it == end) 
+            return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+        
+        code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+        UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+        code_point = ((code_point << 6) & 0x7ff) + ((*it) & 0x3f);
+
+        return UTF8_OK;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    utf_error get_sequence_3(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, uint32_t& code_point)
+    {
+        if (it == end)
+            return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+            
+        code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+        UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+        code_point = ((code_point << 12) & 0xffff) + ((utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 6) & 0xfff);
+
+        UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+        code_point += (*it) & 0x3f;
+
+        return UTF8_OK;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    utf_error get_sequence_4(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, uint32_t& code_point)
+    {
+        if (it == end)
+           return NOT_ENOUGH_ROOM;
+
+        code_point = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+
+        UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+        code_point = ((code_point << 18) & 0x1fffff) + ((utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 12) & 0x3ffff);
+
+        UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+        code_point += (utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 6) & 0xfff;
+
+        UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR(it, end)
+
+        code_point += (*it) & 0x3f;
+
+        return UTF8_OK;
+    }
+
+    #undef UTF8_CPP_INCREASE_AND_RETURN_ON_ERROR
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    utf_error validate_next(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end, uint32_t& code_point)
+    {
+        // Save the original value of it so we can go back in case of failure
+        // Of course, it does not make much sense with i.e. stream iterators
+        octet_iterator original_it = it;
+
+        uint32_t cp = 0;
+        // Determine the sequence length based on the lead octet
+        typedef typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type octet_difference_type;
+        const octet_difference_type length = utf8::internal::sequence_length(it);
+
+        // Get trail octets and calculate the code point
+        utf_error err = UTF8_OK;
+        switch (length) {
+            case 0: 
+                return INVALID_LEAD;
+            case 1:
+                err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_1(it, end, cp);
+                break;
+            case 2:
+                err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_2(it, end, cp);
+            break;
+            case 3:
+                err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_3(it, end, cp);
+            break;
+            case 4:
+                err = utf8::internal::get_sequence_4(it, end, cp);
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if (err == UTF8_OK) {
+            // Decoding succeeded. Now, security checks...
+            if (utf8::internal::is_code_point_valid(cp)) {
+                if (!utf8::internal::is_overlong_sequence(cp, length)){
+                    // Passed! Return here.
+                    code_point = cp;
+                    ++it;
+                    return UTF8_OK;
+                }
+                else
+                    err = OVERLONG_SEQUENCE;
+            }
+            else 
+                err = INVALID_CODE_POINT;
+        }
+
+        // Failure branch - restore the original value of the iterator
+        it = original_it;
+        return err;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    inline utf_error validate_next(octet_iterator& it, octet_iterator end) {
+        uint32_t ignored;
+        return utf8::internal::validate_next(it, end, ignored);
+    }
+
+} // namespace internal
+
+    /// The library API - functions intended to be called by the users
+
+    // Byte order mark
+    const uint8_t bom[] = {0xef, 0xbb, 0xbf};
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    octet_iterator find_invalid(octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        octet_iterator result = start;
+        while (result != end) {
+            utf8::internal::utf_error err_code = utf8::internal::validate_next(result, end);
+            if (err_code != internal::UTF8_OK)
+                return result;
+        }
+        return result;
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    inline bool is_valid(octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        return (utf8::find_invalid(start, end) == end);
+    }
+
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    inline bool starts_with_bom (octet_iterator it, octet_iterator end)
+    {
+        return (
+            ((it != end) && (utf8::internal::mask8(*it++)) == bom[0]) &&
+            ((it != end) && (utf8::internal::mask8(*it++)) == bom[1]) &&
+            ((it != end) && (utf8::internal::mask8(*it))   == bom[2])
+           );
+    }
+	
+    //Deprecated in release 2.3 
+    template <typename octet_iterator>
+    inline bool is_bom (octet_iterator it)
+    {
+        return (
+            (utf8::internal::mask8(*it++)) == bom[0] &&
+            (utf8::internal::mask8(*it++)) == bom[1] &&
+            (utf8::internal::mask8(*it))   == bom[2]
+           );
+    }
+} // namespace utf8
+
+#endif // header guard
+
+
diff --git a/utf8/unchecked.h b/utf8/unchecked.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cb2427166b19cd61df9f338120bac364ccec9d30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/utf8/unchecked.h
@@ -0,0 +1,228 @@
+// Copyright 2006 Nemanja Trifunovic
+
+/*
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person or organization
+obtaining a copy of the software and accompanying documentation covered by
+this license (the "Software") to use, reproduce, display, distribute,
+execute, and transmit the Software, and to prepare derivative works of the
+Software, and to permit third-parties to whom the Software is furnished to
+do so, all subject to the following:
+
+The copyright notices in the Software and this entire statement, including
+the above license grant, this restriction and the following disclaimer,
+must be included in all copies of the Software, in whole or in part, and
+all derivative works of the Software, unless such copies or derivative
+works are solely in the form of machine-executable object code generated by
+a source language processor.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, TITLE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT
+SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS OR ANYONE DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE BE LIABLE
+FOR ANY DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,
+ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
+DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+
+#ifndef UTF8_FOR_CPP_UNCHECKED_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+#define UTF8_FOR_CPP_UNCHECKED_H_2675DCD0_9480_4c0c_B92A_CC14C027B731
+
+#include "core.h"
+
+namespace utf8
+{
+    namespace unchecked 
+    {
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+        octet_iterator append(uint32_t cp, octet_iterator result)
+        {
+            if (cp < 0x80)                        // one octet
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(cp);  
+            else if (cp < 0x800) {                // two octets
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp >> 6)          | 0xc0);
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp & 0x3f)        | 0x80);
+            }
+            else if (cp < 0x10000) {              // three octets
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp >> 12)         | 0xe0);
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(((cp >> 6) & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp & 0x3f)        | 0x80);
+            }
+            else {                                // four octets
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp >> 18)         | 0xf0);
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(((cp >> 12) & 0x3f)| 0x80);
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>(((cp >> 6) & 0x3f) | 0x80);
+                *(result++) = static_cast<uint8_t>((cp & 0x3f)        | 0x80);
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+        uint32_t next(octet_iterator& it)
+        {
+            uint32_t cp = utf8::internal::mask8(*it);
+            typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type length = utf8::internal::sequence_length(it);
+            switch (length) {
+                case 1:
+                    break;
+                case 2:
+                    it++;
+                    cp = ((cp << 6) & 0x7ff) + ((*it) & 0x3f);
+                    break;
+                case 3:
+                    ++it; 
+                    cp = ((cp << 12) & 0xffff) + ((utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 6) & 0xfff);
+                    ++it;
+                    cp += (*it) & 0x3f;
+                    break;
+                case 4:
+                    ++it;
+                    cp = ((cp << 18) & 0x1fffff) + ((utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 12) & 0x3ffff);                
+                    ++it;
+                    cp += (utf8::internal::mask8(*it) << 6) & 0xfff;
+                    ++it;
+                    cp += (*it) & 0x3f; 
+                    break;
+            }
+            ++it;
+            return cp;        
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+        uint32_t peek_next(octet_iterator it)
+        {
+            return utf8::unchecked::next(it);    
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+        uint32_t prior(octet_iterator& it)
+        {
+            while (utf8::internal::is_trail(*(--it))) ;
+            octet_iterator temp = it;
+            return utf8::unchecked::next(temp);
+        }
+
+        // Deprecated in versions that include prior, but only for the sake of consistency (see utf8::previous)
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+        inline uint32_t previous(octet_iterator& it)
+        {
+            return utf8::unchecked::prior(it);
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator, typename distance_type>
+        void advance (octet_iterator& it, distance_type n)
+        {
+            for (distance_type i = 0; i < n; ++i)
+                utf8::unchecked::next(it);
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+        typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type
+        distance (octet_iterator first, octet_iterator last)
+        {
+            typename std::iterator_traits<octet_iterator>::difference_type dist;
+            for (dist = 0; first < last; ++dist) 
+                utf8::unchecked::next(first);
+            return dist;
+        }
+
+        template <typename u16bit_iterator, typename octet_iterator>
+        octet_iterator utf16to8 (u16bit_iterator start, u16bit_iterator end, octet_iterator result)
+        {       
+            while (start != end) {
+                uint32_t cp = utf8::internal::mask16(*start++);
+            // Take care of surrogate pairs first
+                if (utf8::internal::is_lead_surrogate(cp)) {
+                    uint32_t trail_surrogate = utf8::internal::mask16(*start++);
+                    cp = (cp << 10) + trail_surrogate + internal::SURROGATE_OFFSET;
+                }
+                result = utf8::unchecked::append(cp, result);
+            }
+            return result;         
+        }
+
+        template <typename u16bit_iterator, typename octet_iterator>
+        u16bit_iterator utf8to16 (octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end, u16bit_iterator result)
+        {
+            while (start < end) {
+                uint32_t cp = utf8::unchecked::next(start);
+                if (cp > 0xffff) { //make a surrogate pair
+                    *result++ = static_cast<uint16_t>((cp >> 10)   + internal::LEAD_OFFSET);
+                    *result++ = static_cast<uint16_t>((cp & 0x3ff) + internal::TRAIL_SURROGATE_MIN);
+                }
+                else
+                    *result++ = static_cast<uint16_t>(cp);
+            }
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator, typename u32bit_iterator>
+        octet_iterator utf32to8 (u32bit_iterator start, u32bit_iterator end, octet_iterator result)
+        {
+            while (start != end)
+                result = utf8::unchecked::append(*(start++), result);
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        template <typename octet_iterator, typename u32bit_iterator>
+        u32bit_iterator utf8to32 (octet_iterator start, octet_iterator end, u32bit_iterator result)
+        {
+            while (start < end)
+                (*result++) = utf8::unchecked::next(start);
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        // The iterator class
+        template <typename octet_iterator>
+          class iterator : public std::iterator <std::bidirectional_iterator_tag, uint32_t> { 
+            octet_iterator it;
+            public:
+            iterator () {}
+            explicit iterator (const octet_iterator& octet_it): it(octet_it) {}
+            // the default "big three" are OK
+            octet_iterator base () const { return it; }
+            uint32_t operator * () const
+            {
+                octet_iterator temp = it;
+                return utf8::unchecked::next(temp);
+            }
+            bool operator == (const iterator& rhs) const 
+            { 
+                return (it == rhs.it);
+            }
+            bool operator != (const iterator& rhs) const
+            {
+                return !(operator == (rhs));
+            }
+            iterator& operator ++ () 
+            {
+                ::std::advance(it, utf8::internal::sequence_length(it));
+                return *this;
+            }
+            iterator operator ++ (int)
+            {
+                iterator temp = *this;
+                ::std::advance(it, utf8::internal::sequence_length(it));
+                return temp;
+            }  
+            iterator& operator -- ()
+            {
+                utf8::unchecked::prior(it);
+                return *this;
+            }
+            iterator operator -- (int)
+            {
+                iterator temp = *this;
+                utf8::unchecked::prior(it);
+                return temp;
+            }
+          }; // class iterator
+
+    } // namespace utf8::unchecked
+} // namespace utf8 
+
+
+#endif // header guard
+